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Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo ((:maɾθeˈlino meˈnendeθ i peˈlaʝo); 3 November 1856 – 19 May 1912〔(Fallecimiento de Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo ) Hemeroteca de La Vanguardia. Edición del martes, 21 mayo 1912, página 11 (in Spanish)〕) was a Spanish scholar, historian and literary critic. Even though his main interest was the history of ideas, and Hispanic philology in general, he also cultivated poetry, translation and philosophy. He was born at Santander where he showed that he was an infant prodigy. Only 15 years old, he studied under Manuel Milà i Fontanals at the University of Barcelona (1871–1872), then proceeded to the central University of Madrid. His academic success was unprecedented; a special law was passed by the ''Cortes'' to enable him to become a professor at the age of twenty-two. Three years later he was elected a member of the Real Academia Española; but by this time he was well known throughout Spain. His first volume, ''Estudios críticos sobre escritores montañeses'' (1876), had attracted little notice, and his scholarly ''Horacio en Español'' (1877) appealed only to students. He became famous, through his ''Ciencia española'' (1878), a collection of polemical essays defending the national tradition against the attacks of political and religious reformers. The unbending orthodoxy of this work is even more noticeable in the ''Historia de los heterodoxos españoles'' (1880–1886), and the writer was hailed as the champion of the ultramontane party. As the ''Catholic Encyclopedia'' (1908–10) described his work "Every page of his writings reveals a wealth of strong common sense, clear perception, and a vein of wonderful and ever varying erudition. Thoroughly Catholic in spirit, he found his greatest delight, he declared, in devoting all his work to the glory of God and the exaltation of the name of Jesus.".〔(CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Marcelino Menendez y Pelayo ) at www.newadvent.org〕 His lectures (1881) on Calderón established his reputation as a literary critic; and his work as an historian of Spanish literature was continued in his ''Historia de las ideas estéticas en España'' (1881–1891), his edition (1890–1903) of Lope de Vega, his ''Antología de poetas líricos castellanos'' (1890–1906), and his ''Orígenes de la novela'' (1905). Although some of his judgments, mainly those related to the defense of the Spanish tradition, are no longer accepted, his studies of Spanish literature (Medieval, Renaissance, and Golden Age) are still valuable.〔Opinion?〕 He was professor of Spanish literature at the University of Madrid (1878–98) and director of the Biblioteca Nacional de España (1898–1912). Menéndez y Pelayo died at Santander. He is buried in Santander Cathedral, where his monument may still be seen. == Disciples == Among his many disciples can be mentioned: Adolfo Bonilla y San Martín, editor of the ''Obras completas'' of Miguel de Cervantes, among other works; Ludwig Pfandl, German Hispanist and biographer of many important Spanish historical figures; Ramón Menéndez Pidal, founder of Hispanic philology as a scientific discipline; and José María Sánchez Muniaín, chair of Aesthetics at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, who compiled the ''Antología general de Menéndez Pelayo''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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